Canada
Within Canada,
Crown land is a designated territorial area belonging to the
Canadian Crown.
[7][8] Though
the monarch owns all Crown land in the country, it is divided in parallel with the "division" of the Crown among the
federal and provincial jurisdictions, so that some lands within the provinces are administered by the relevant
provincial Crown, whereas others are under the
federal Crown.
About 89% of Canada's land area (8,886,356 km2) is Crown land: 41% is federal crown land and 48% is provincial crown land. The remaining 11% is privately owned.
[9] Most federal Crown land is in the territories (
Northwest Territories,
Nunavut, and
Yukon) and is administered by
Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada. Only 4% of land in the provinces is federally controlled, largely in the form of
National Parks,
Indian reserves, or
Canadian Forces bases. In contrast, provinces hold much of their territory as provincial Crown land, which may be held as
Provincial Parks or wilderness.
Crown land is the equivalent of an entailed estate that passes with the monarchy and cannot be alienated from it; thus, per
constitutional convention, these lands cannot be unilaterally sold by the monarch, instead
passing on to the next king or queen unless the sovereign is
advised otherwise by the relevant
ministers of the Crown. Crown land provides the country and the provinces with the majority of their profits from
natural resources, largely but not exclusively provincial, rented for logging and mineral exploration rights; revenues flow to the relevant government and may constitute
a major income stream, such as in
Alberta. Crown land may also be rented by individuals wishing to build homes or cottages.
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